Rod length = window width + overhang on each side (10 in / 25 cm is the designer default, so open curtains clear the glass). Rod height = floor-to-frame + mount height, or the ceiling height for a ceiling track. Finished length is measured from the top of the rod or track: to the sill, 4 in (10 cm) below it, ½ in (1 cm) off the floor for a clean “kiss”, 1 in (2.5 cm) onto the floor for a break, or 5 in (12 cm) for a puddle. Deduct ring or hook drop if you hang below the rod.
Fullness is how much fabric gathers across the rod: 2.25× for pinch and pencil pleats, 2× for wave, 1.75× for grommets, 1.5× for rod pockets and tabs. Total fabric width = rod length × fullness, split across the panels with 2 in (5 cm) of overlap on a pair.
Ready-made matches use US lengths of 63, 84, 96, 108 and 120 in with 50 or 54 in wide panels, and UK/EU lengths of 137, 183, 229 and 274 cm with 117, 168 and 228 cm widths; if the nearest size is more than 2 in (5 cm) off or the panels run too narrow, we suggest made to measure. Yardage = fabric widths per panel × panels × cut length (finished length + 10 in / 25 cm for hems and heading, rounded up to whole pattern repeats). Full guide: how to measure for curtains.